For decades, the West was not only militarily and economically strong but also culturally and politically influential. Its social and political model functioned as a global reference point and conveyed a widely recognized promise. Individual freedom, economic opportunity, the rule of law, and institutional stability. For many people around the world, Western societies represented a place of possibility or a benchmark for development. In recent years, however, this perception has begun to shift. The gradual decline in soft power, the